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Basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the lung: A rare tumour with a
rare clinical presentation.
Lung Cancer. 2007 Jul;57(1):109-111.
Basaloid squamous
cell carcinoma of the lung, an uncommon subtype of non-small cell
carcinomas was introduced as a distinct entity in the recently revised
World Health Organization (WHO) classification of lung tumours. This
rare tumour most commonly develops in males older than 60 years. We
report a 23-years-old female patient with basaloid squamous cell
carcinoma of the lung who was stage IIB post-operatively. The patient
is still alive and healthy 18 months after the operation. This is one
of the youngest patient reported with this rare type of tumour.
Basaloid
squamous-cell carcinoma of the lung in a young woman.Int
J Clin Oncol. 2006 Feb;11(1):66-8.
We report a
rare case of basaloid squamous cell carcinoma of the lung in a young
Japanese woman. An 18-year-old woman presented with productive cough.
Chest radiogram and computed tomography (CT) revealed a tumor in the
left hilum accompanied by partial atelectasis of the left upper lobe
and pleural effusion. Transbronchial fine-needle aspiration cytology
supported a tentative diagnosis of primary squamous-cell carcinoma of
the lung. The clinical stage was T4N2M1, with multiple bone
metastases. Despite a transient response to chemotherapy consisting of
carboplatin and paclitaxel, the patient died because of tumor
progression 2 months after the start of the chemotherapy. Necropsy
established the diagnosis of basaloid squamous-cell carcinoma of the
lung. Immunohistochemical studies of the necropsy specimen indicated
that the tumor was positive for keratin, vimentin, and S100, and
negative for chromogranin A, cytokeratin CAM5.2, and bcl-2. Besides
the rarity of the disease itself, the present case seemed to have
additional uniqueness in that the patient was 18 years old and female.
This is the youngest patient with a case of basaloid squamous cell
carcinoma of the lung ever reported.
Basaloid
carcinoma of the lung.Jpn
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg. 2005
May;53(5):263-5.
Basaloid
carcinoma (BC) of the lung is a rare and an aggressive subtype of non
small cell lung cancer. We report a patient with preoperative
cytologic features of either lung BC or squamous cell carcinoma.
Finally, the tumor was diagnosed as a pure BC of the lung by the
immunohistological findings. The patient's recovery was uneventful and
remained asymptomatic without recurrence 18 months after surgery.
However, considering to the biological behavior of BC, regular
follow-up for this patient will be required.
Basaloid
carcinoma of the lung: a really dismal histologic variant?Ann
Thorac Surg. 2003 Dec;76(6):1833-7.
BACKGROUND: Basaloid carcinoma of the lung has been reported as an
uncommon and highly aggressive form of nonsmall cell lung cancers.
Even in stage I and II of basaloid carcinoma, a 5-year survival rate
of only 15% has been reported and it has been suggested that different
treatment modalities for basaloid carcinoma should be considered. The
aim of this study was to determine the prognostic implications of a
basaloid carcinoma of the lung. METHODS: This study included a series
of 291 surgically resected lung tumors, which were originally
diagnosed as a poorly or undifferentiated carcinoma, a small cell
carcinoma, or an atypical carcinoid. Of these, 35 basaloid carcinoma
patients were identified and compared with 167 poorly differentiated
squamous cell carcinoma (PDSC) patients in terms of the preoperative
clinical data, the procedure performed, and the survival outcome.
RESULTS: The overall incidence of basaloid carcinoma was 4.8%. The
actuarial 5-year survival rate was 40.6% in patients with PDSC and
36.5% in those with basaloid carcinoma (p = 0.86). In stage I and II
patients, the actuarial 5-year survival rate was 53.9% in the PDSC
group and 57.2% in the basaloid group (p = 0.97). There were no
differences in the recurrence rate and the relapse pattern (p =
0.584). Cox's proportional hazards model revealed that an age equal to
60 years old (hazard ratio 2.179, p = 0.000) and an advanced stage
(hazard ratio 2.264, p = 0.000) were the risk factors for
postoperative survival in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: Basaloid carcinoma
of the lung does not have a worse prognosis than the other nonsmall
cell lung cancers. Although it is obvious that a basaloid carcinoma is
a unique histologic entity, it does not require a different treatment
modality due to the similar clinical behavior with other nonsmall cell
lung cancers.
Basaloid
carcinoma, a rare primary lung neoplasm: report of a case and review
of the literature.Lung
Cancer. 2002 Mar;35(3):335-8.
Basaloid
carcinoma of the lung is a rare primary neoplasm, first described in
1992. Basaloid carcinoma is an aggressive subtype of Non small cell
lung cancer, with poor 5-year survival, even in stage I and II
resected tumors. Differential diagnosis from small cell,
Neuroendocrine large cell and poorly differentiated squamous cell
carcinoma is difficult to be made. We report a patient with lung
basaloid carcinoma, initially diagnosed and treated as small cell
carcinoma. Thoracotomy and resection of the tumor following
chemotherapy, established the correct diagnosis.
Basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma of the bronchus. Report of a case
with review of the literature.Arch
Pathol Lab Med. 1995 Dec;119(12):1167-70.
Basaloid-squamous cell carcinoma (BSCC) is a variant of squamous cell
carcinoma with biphasic basaloid and squamous features. Recognition of
BSCC is important because this lesion can be confused with less
aggressive lesions, such as adenoid cystic carcinoma. BSCC is
typically detected at an advanced stage in smokers, alcoholics, and
older individuals; adenoid cystic carcinoma is not associated with
smoking or alcohol, and it typically occurs in younger individuals.
Approximately 88 cases of BSCC in the upper aerodigestive tract have
been recorded since its first description in 1986. We report one case
of endobronchial BSCC. Cytologically, both squamous and basaloid
features were identified, including elongated, irregular, globular,
extracellular, hyaline material. Immunohistochemical studies showed
two distinct populations of cells: the squamous component, positive
for cytokeratin (AE1 + AE3) and negative for smooth-muscle actin,
epithelial membrane antigen, S100 protein, and type IV collagen; and
the basaloid component, positive for all of the above markers, with
minimal staining for cytokeratin (AE1 + AE3). The electron microscopy
demonstrated desmosomes in the squamous component and replication of
the basal lamina in the basaloid component. We conclude that BSCC of
the bronchus is similar to BSCC in the upper aerodigestive tract and
should be regarded as a distinct entity.
Basal cell (basaloid)
carcinoma of the bronchi.Rev
Mal Respir. 1995;12(6):601-7.
Basal cell
carcinomas (BCC) have been described in various locations such as
skin, anal canal, tongue, larynx and recently the lungs. These tumors
seem to have a poor prognosis. A series of 115 surgically resected
lung tumors, previously classified as poorly or undifferentiated
carcinoma was retrospectively reviewed. From those 37 cases were
reclassified as BCC and were compared in terms of clinical features
and survival with 40 cases reclassified as poorly differentiated
squamous cell carcinoma (PDSC) of the lung. There was no difference
between the groups with respect to age, clinical presentation, pattern
of relapse and cause of death. Median and overall survival were
different between the 2 groups, especially for stage I and II
patients: 5 years actuarial survival in BCC was 15% and in PDSC 47% p
= 0.009). There was also a difference in survival when we studied the
patients alive 4 weeks after surgery (p = 0.04). This subset of non
small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has a worse prognosis than other NSCLC.
Basal cell (basaloid)
carcinoma of the lung: a new morphologic and phenotypic entity with
separate prognostic significance.
Hum Pathol. 1992 Sep;23(9):993-1003.
On review of
115 poorly or undifferentiated lung cancers from 671 lung tumors
resected over a 7-year period, we have found 38 cases of basaloid
carcinoma. The cardinal histopathologic features distinguishing this
tumor from other non-small cell lung cancers are a lobular growth
pattern of small cells with moderately hyperchromatic nuclei, with no
prominent nucleoli, and with scant cytoplasm, a high mitotic rate, and
peripheral palisading. Basaloid carcinoma was present in a pure form
in 19 cases and the other 19 tumors were of a mixed, but prominent,
basaloid type associated with squamous cell carcinoma, large cell
carcinoma, or adenocarcinoma. The immunophenotype of basaloid cancers
was close to that of basal bronchial epithelial cells, with a low
level of expression of low molecular weight cytokeratins. Staining for
neuroendocrine markers was infrequent and inconsistent.
Ultrastructural study showed an absence of neurosecretory granules and
the presence of some squamous and/or glandular differentiation. This
morphologic and immunologic phenotype suggests that basaloid carcinoma
is derived from a pluripotent reserve cell or a basal bronchial
epithelial stem cell. This unique histologic form of lung tumor has a
poor prognosis, with a median survival rate of 22 months for stage I
and II disease. This justifies classification of basaloid carcinoma as
a distinct form of lung cancer, separate from small cell lung
carcinoma.
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